ICCS, conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) in 2009, investigates the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in the 21st century in a range of countries. It reports on student achievement in a test of knowledge, conceptual understanding, and competencies in civic and citizenship education. It also provides evidence on student attitudes relating to civics and citizenship. It focuses on grade 8 students, i.e. students approximately 14 years of age.